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 #     Contributions to the OCV database -- Part 1 -- Entries 001 - 104     #
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 # Description of fields :
 
 # 1. ID number given to Vocabularium Cornicum forms in Ken George, _Gerlyver 
 #    Kernewek kemmyn: an gerlyver meur Kernewek-Sowsnek_ (Saltash: Cornish 
 #    Language Board, 1993).  This ID number essentially follows the sequence
 #    of the glosses in the manuscript.
 
 # 2. Entry from Zeuss;
 
 # 3. Standardised OWCB orthography with misreadings and scribal errors 
 #    corrected. 
 #
 #    When non-initial <t> = /d/, <d> = /D/, <c> = /g/, 
 #                                           <f> = /B, M/, <ff> = /P/. 
 #    <i> can mean /i/ or /I/, <o> can mean /o/ or /9/ 
 #    <ui> means /uj/ and is used even when the mss has <u> before a 
 #         double consonant, so that 
 #    <u> means /y/ or the /w/ final element of a diphthong.
 
 # 4. Attempt at phonemic OC.
 #    /9/ is (or soon was to become) front open-mid rounded "o-e ligature";
 #    /B/ bilabial /v/, "beta";
 #    /M/ nasalised /B/, "mu";
 #    /P/ bilabial /f/, "phi";
 #    /B, M, w/ were fairly interchangable in OC, and in most contexts 
 #    turn up as MC /w/, otherwise as (labiodental?) /v/.
 #    /e/ may well have been [E] and /o/ [O].
 #
 #    Stress is marked <'> directly before the stressed vowel. Note in 
 #    polysyllables the accent had recently shifted from the final to the 
 #    penult. Very probably elements of the accent were in fact spread across 
 #    the two syllables probably well into the MC period. In Welsh the main 
 #    dynamic accent switched to the penult, but a clear pitch accent 
 #    remains (even in the modern language) on final syllables. This 
 #    explains the three (phonetic) vowel lengths. In accented monosyllables 
 #    that were open or ended in a single consonant, the vowel received all 
 #    elements of the accent and was 'extra long'. Other accented open 
 #    syllables were long (often called 'half-long') receiving the stress 
 #    accent but not the pitch accent.


 # 5. Phonemic MC equivalent in "enhanced KK" (Kernewek Gorhemmyn -- 
 #    'thoroughly vulgar Cornish'). The differences are : 
 #    a) final unstressed /-e/ and /-a/ are distinguished as in some mss;
 #    b) some attempt is made to distinguish /z/ << /d/ from /s/; 
 #    c) the diphthong <uw> /yw/ is recognised. 
 #    None of these additions are especially controversial, (a) and (b) 
 #    are not used in normal KK for practical and esthetic reasons, 
 #    while (c) solves a number of minor spelling problems. 

 # 6. Modern English gloss.

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OCV001a; duy; duyv, duif; /d'ujw/; _duw_; God, god; 
   # MC _duw_ /dyw/ written in mss <duv> (rare) <du, dew> 
   # /ujw/ >> /yw/ seems to be regular in Cornish, (in W _Duw_ is irreg.) 
   # Nance _dew_ GLKK _dyw_, usually rhymes with other -uw words.


OCV001b; chefuidoc; cefuithoc; /keM'ujT9g/; _kevoethek_; powerful, (later wealthy); 
   # In MC God's usual epithet is _oll-galloezek_ (<< OC *ol-galluitoc
   # /ollgall'ujdog/) 'all powerful'.
   # MC /-eg/ << OC /-9g/ << PrimC /-Ag/ << /-a:kos -a:ka: -a:kon/ 


OCV002; nef; nef; /n'eM/; _nev_; heaven; 


OCV003; ail; ail; /'ajl/; _el_; angel;    
   # /aj/ >> /e/ is regular  


OCV004; archail; archail; /'arxajl/; _arghel_; archangel; 
   # Should this be stressed /arx-'ajl/ ? 


OCV005; steren; steren; /st'erenn/; _sterenn_; star; 
   # n.b. _ster_ coll. 'stars' 


OCV006; heuul; hewl; /h'ewl/; _howl_; sun;   
   # /ew/ >> /ow/ is regular  


OCV007; luir; luir; /l'ujr/; _loer_; moon;   
   # <loyr> in OM 


OCV008; firmament; ; ; ; ; 
   # undigested Loan 


OCV009; redegua; retecua; /red'egva/; _rezegva_; course;  
   # _rezek_ 'to run' 
   # _-va_ << /magos/ 'place (where something happens) 


OCV010a; en; en; /en/; _an_; the;  
   # unstressed proclitic, pretonic /e/ >> /a/  


OCV010b; bit; bit; /b'Id/; _byz_; world, the Earth; 


OCV011; tir; tir; /t'ir/; _tir_; land, dry land; 


OCV012; doer; doer; /d'o@r/; _dor_; earth, ground; 
   # n.b. <oe> in OCV shows the change /uja, oja/ >> /O/ in progress. 


OCV013; gueret; gueret; /gw'ered/; _gwerez_; soil, earth; 


OCV014; mor; mor; /m'or/; _mor_; sea; 


OCV015; spauen m.; spafen m.; /sp'aBenn m./; _spavenn mor_; lull, calm; 
   # Thought to mean 'a quite period between storms etc., respite'. 


OCV016; m. difeid; m. diffeith; /m. d'iPejT/; _mor difeyth_; open sea; 
   # _difeyth_ << L. _defectus_ normally means 'waste(land), open country' 
   # Should this be stressed /diP'ejT/? 


OCV017; mor tot; mor tod; /mor t'9D/; _mor teudh_; ocean; 
   # possibly related to W _tawdd, toddi_ 'molten, to melt' also with an 
   # obsolete meaning 'complete'. 


OCV018; den; den; /d'en/; _den_; man, human being; 


OCV019; gurruid; gorrith; /g'orriT/; _gorrith_; male, masculine; 
   # see next note 


OCV020; benenrid; beninrith; /ben'InriT/; _benynrith_; female, feminine; 
   # Unclear if the second element is /rIT, rID, rejT, rejD, riT, riD/.
   # The second <u> in <gurruid> is probably accidental as this word is found 
   # once in MC at OM 2837 as <gorryth>.
   # Nance thought RD 0851, 0875 <benen ryth> was the same as <benenrid> here, 
   # although _benyn rydh_ 'free woman' is also possible.
   # GLKK identifies <-r(u)id> with W _rhaith_ B _reizh_, spelling it "reyth", 
   # but includes a second entry "reydh" 'right, regular' from the same WB words. 
   # Perhaps a better identification is with W _rhith_ 'form, appearance, gise' 
   # hence MC _gorrith, benynrith_. 
   # This suffix may have been stressed /gorr'iT, benInr'iT/. 


OCV021; antromet; antruinet; /antr'ujned/; _antroenez_; neuter; 
   # leg. <antroin-et> << L. _androgynus_ + /-ed/ abstr. noun. ending. 
   # Could be reanalysed as _an-troen-ez_ 'state of having no nose'!
   # "Antroenez yw ow hi ..."   


OCV022; esel; esel; /'esel/; _esel_; member, limb; 


OCV023; pen; pen; /p'enn/; _penn_; head, end, chief; 


OCV024; divuleuuit; ; ; ; crown of head?; 
   # Nance 'dywolewyth' 
   # looks like a masc. duel /dew-/? 
   # Could contain /blew/ 'hair' lenited to <uleuu> 


OCV025; impinion; impinion; /Imp'Innjon/; _ympynnyon_; brains; 
   # lit. 'the things in the head' like Greek enkephalon 


OCV026; chil; cil; /k'il/; _kil_; back (not front), recess?, retreat?; 


OCV027; conna; conna; /k'onna/; _konna_; neck; 


OCV028; tal; tal; /t'al/; _tal_; forehead, gable end; 


OCV029; trein; truin; /tr'ujn/; _troen_; nose;  
   # <trein> looks like a pl.? 


OCV030; fruc; friic; /Pr'i-ig/; _frig_; nostril;  
   # 2 sylls condensed to one 
   # ms has also been read as <friic> 


OCV031; bleu yn pen; blew en pen; /bl'ew en p'enn/; _blew an penn_; 'hair of the head'; 
   # Could the def. art. have two forms; m. <yn>, f. <en> ?? 


OCV032; gols; gols; /g'ols/; _gols_; head of hair;  
   # << /gwolt/ >> W _gwallt_. 


OCV033; cudin; cutin; /k'ydInn/; _kudynn_; curl, lock of hair, tangle, problem; 


OCV034; scouarn; scofarn; /sk'ovarn/; _skovarn_; ear; 


OCV035; grud; grud; /gr'yD/; _grudh_; cheek, jaw; 


OCV036; erieu; eriou; /'erjow/; _eryow_; temples of head; 


OCV037; enuoch; en voch; /en B'ox/; _an vogh_; the cheek;  
   # _bogh_ << Lat. _bucca_. 


OCV038; abrans; abrans; /'abrans/; _abrans_; eyebrow; 
   # cf. W _amrant_ 'eyelid' 


OCV039; bleuenlagat; blew en lagat; /bl'ew en l'agad/; _blew an lagaz_; eyelash; 
   # lit. 'hair of the eye'. 


OCV040; lagat; lagat; /l'agad/; _lagaz_; eye; 


OCV041; legeit; legeit; /l'egejd/; _*legez_; eyes; 
   # The MC plural is _lagazow_ for eyes in general, _dewlagaz_ 'a pair of eyes'. 


OCV042; biuenlagat; biw en lagat; /b'Iw en l'agad/; _byw an lagaz_; pupil; 
   # lit. 'the live of the eye'. 
   
OCV043; genau; genau; /g'enaw/; _ganow_; mouth;  
   # vowel change irreg. 


OCV044; ascorn; ascorn; /'askorn/; _askorn_; bone; 


OCV045; dans; dans; /d'ans/; _dans_; tooth;  
   # << dant 


OCV046; dannet; ; ; ; ; 
   # 'teeth' in Welsh _dannedd_ 
   # the MC pl is _dens_ or _dyns_ 


OCV047; tauot; tafot, tawot; /t'aB9d, t'aw9d/; _tavez_; tongue; 


OCV048; stefenic; stefenic, stefnic; /st'eM@nig, st'eMnig/; _stewnik_; palate; 


OCV049; gueus; gue(f)us; /gw'e(B)ys/; _gwe(v)us_; lip; 


OCV050; briansen; briansen; /brI'ansenn/; _bryansenn_; throat, windpipe; 


OCV051; elgeht; elgeth; /'elgeT/; _elgeth_; chin; 


OCV052; barf; barf; /b'arB/; _barv_; beard; 


OCV053; baref; baref; /b'ar@B/; _barv_; beard;  
   # var. of previous entry. 


OCV054; guar; guar; /gw'arr/; _gwarr_; nape of neck; 


OCV055a; cluit; cluit; /kl'ujd/; _kloez_; hurdle, lattice, creel, rib-cage; 


OCV055b; duiuron; duivron; /d'ujBronn/; _diwvronn_; chest, (two) breasts; 
   # /duj/ two f. >> /diw/ by metathesis (?) 
   # It's possible that these duals could be stressed on the second element 
   # i.e. /duj-Br'onn/ etc. 


OCV056; colon; colon; /k'olonn/; _kolonn_; heart; 


OCV057; sceuens; scefens; /sk'eMens/; _skevens_; lungs; 


OCV058; aui; afi; /'aBi/; _avi_; liver; 


OCV059; bistel; bistel; /b'Ist@l/; _bystel_; bile, gall; 


OCV060; glas; glas; /gl'as/; _glas_; stomach, maw; 


OCV061; lepilloit; leithelluit?; /lejT'ellujd/; _leythelloez_??; spleen; 
   # ms also read as <levilliot> 
   # MC _leyth_ moist, flabby, flounder (fish) + _-ell_ dim. ending 
   # + _oez_ << OC /-uid/ verbal noun ending? 
   # This is a fairly wild guess, but probably no worse than many in the 
   # literature. It's a while since I handled a spleen, or for that matter 
   # a flounder, but the resemblance isn't beyond the bounds of semantic 
   # possibility. 


OCV062; blonec; blonec; /bl'oneg/; _blonek_; fat; 


OCV063; suif; suif; /s'ujB/; _suw_; suet, tallow;  
   # GLKK _soev_ 
   # << British /sejbon/ << L. _se:bum_. 


OCV064; culurionein; coluDionen; /kolyDj'onenn/; _koludhyonenn_; bowel; 
   # Nance suggests that a thorn was read as a (long) <r>. 


OCV065; enederen; ; ; ; ; 


OCV066; guid; guit; /g'ujd/; _goez_; blood; 
   # ms also read as <guit> 


OCV067; chic; cic; /k'ig/; _kig_; flesh, meat; 


OCV068; he; cen; /k'enn/; _kenn_; hide, skin; 


OCV069; croin; croin, crohen; /kr'ojn, kr'oxen/; _*kroyn, kroghen_; skin; 


OCV070; scuid; scuid; /sk'ujD/; _skoedh_; shoulder; 


OCV071; chein; cein; /k'ejn/; _keyn_; back; 


OCV072a; tor; tor; /t'orr/; _torr_; belly, womb; 


OCV072b; talon; ; ; ; ; 


OCV073; brech; brech; /br'ex/; _bregh_; arm;  
   # << <braich> /brajx/ 


OCV074; elin; elin; /'elin/; _elin_; elbow; 


OCV075a lau; ; ; ; ;  
   # Welsh for 'hand' _llaw, llof-_ 


OCV075b lof; lof; /l'9M/; _leuv_; hand; 


OCV076; bis; bis; /b'Is/; _bys_; finger, toe, digit; 


OCV077; bess; ; ; ; ; 
   # var. of _bys_? 
   
OCV078; bes; ; ; ; ;  
   # var. of _bys_? 


OCV079; euuin; ewin; /'ewin/; _ewin_; finger nail; 


OCV080; palf; palf; /p'alM/; _palv_; palm of hand; 


OCV081; chefals; cefals; /k'eMals/; _kevals_; joint;  
   # << /kev + alt/. 


OCV082; tenepen; tenewen; /ten'ewen/; _tenewen_; side, flank; 
   # ms also read as <teneven> 


OCV083; asen; asen; /'asenn/; _asenn_; rib;  
   # pl. _asow_. 


OCV084; duiglun; duiglun; /d'uj-glyn/; _diwglun_; (two) hips; 
   # _diw_ 'two' f. metathesis from OC /duj/. 
   # possibly stressd /duj-gl'yn/. 


OCV085; goiuen; guifen; /g'ujwenn/; _guwenn_; sinew, tendon;  
   # GLKK _gwewenn_ and _giow-enn_. 
   # [MC <ieyw> (PC 2681) looks like a scribal error for <dyw> 'two' which fits 
   # the context, as though the scribe was about to write <ij> and changed in 
   # mid-word. <i> is rarely used in this ms and identification with W. _giau_ 
   # seems mistaken. In any case W. _giau_ depends on a special development not 
   # found in Cornish, so :- ]
   # Not in MC, resurfaces as LC <gwewan, gueuan> the expected form. 


OCV086; guid; guith; /g'ujT/; _goeth_; vein; 
   # GLKK gives _goeth_ 'stream', _gwyth_ 'vein' 


OCV087; morboit; morduit; /m'orDujd/; _mordhoez_; thigh; 


OCV088; penclun; penclun; /p'ennklyn/; _penn-klun_; hip, point of hip?; 
   # May have been stressed /penn-kl'yn/. 


OCV089; penclin; penglin; /p'ennglin/; _penn-glin_; knee, kneecap; 
   # May have been stressed /penn-gl'in/. 


OCV090; cheber; ceter; /k'ed9r/; _keder_; pubes; 
   # Lhuyd has <ketorva> 'groin' and on the basis of this and W. _cedor_, 
   # B. _k(a)ezour_, Nance reconstructed "kethor", KJG in GLKK "kedhor". 
   # Neither refer to this entry. Reading <cheber> as <ceder> this could have 
   # /d/ as in W. of /D/ as suggested by the B form. The 'best fit' for 
   # OC <d> (= /D/ or /d/) and Lhuyd's <t> is probably /d/. The final vowel 
   # seems to be /e ~ o/ both from original /9/, or in W /o/ << /aw/, all 
   # going back to British /a:/ ?? 


OCV091; logodenfer; logotenfer; /log'odenn P'er/; _logozenn fer_; calf of leg?; 
   # lit. 'mouse leg'! 


OCV092; fer; fer; /P'er/; _fer_; leg, shank; 


OCV093; elescher; escer; /'esker/; _esker_; ridge, shin; 


OCV094; lifern; uffern; /'yPern/; _ufern_; ankle; 


OCV095; truit; truit; /tr'ujd/; _troez_; foot; 


OCV096; godentruit; goden-truit; /goD@n-tr'ujd/; _godhen-troez_; sole of foot; 
   # << /gwodn-/ cf. W. _gwadn_, dial. _gwaddan_. 


OCV097; bis truit; bis-truit; /bIs tr'ujd/; _bys-troez_; toe; # lit 'foot digit' 


OCV098; epincarn; ewin-carn; /'ewin k'arn/; _ewin-karn_; hoof nail; 
   # ms also read as <evincarn> 
   # _karn_ alone means 'hoof', _ewin_ means 'finger/toe nail, claw' etc. 


OCV099; hupeltat; u3el-tat; /'yxel d'ad/; _ugheldaz_; patriarch; 
   # lit. 'high father' 
   # ms also read as <huhueltat> 


OCV100; profuit; proffuit; /pr'oPujd/; _profoez_; prophet; 


OCV101; apostol; apostol; /ab'ostol/; _abostol_; apostle; 


OCV102; archescop; archepscop; /arx'epskob/; _arghepskop_; archbishop;


OCV103; escop; epscop; /'epskob/; _epskop_; bishop; 


OCV104; ruifanaid; ruifanaith; /rujM'anajT/; _ruwaneth_; sovereignty, kindom;
   # Derivative of OC <ruif> prob. << /ri:gis@mos/ 'most royal' or 
   # /ri:gjamon/ 'ruler'?? All its derivatives seem to infix -an(n)-
   # Words in OC /ujw/ >> MC /yw/ <u,v,yw,yv,ew,ev> have really got the 
   # lexicographers in a muddle. Nance has "revaneth", GLKK "rywvaneth"
   # but wonders if it should be "roevaneth".


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